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May 2021

Unit: Financial Reporting

6 Questions

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Questions

1
Public Sector Accounting Standards
​​International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) prescribe the accounting treatment of various items of revenue. expenditure, assets and liabilities in the books of public sector entities. 

Required: 
With reference to the above statement: 

(a) Describe three constraints that affect the relevance and reliability of financial information presented by public entities.

(b) Summarise the key provisions of IPSAS 3 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors with regard to changes in accounting policies. 

(c) Discuss four challenges facing the adoption of IPSAS in your country.
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2a
Accounting for Assets and Liabilities
​​In the context of International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 9 "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement", explain the accounting treatment of financial instruments that are equity instruments, both on initial recognition and subsequent measurement.
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2b
Preparation of Financial Statements for different entities/Transaction
​ ​​The following balances were extracted from the financial records of Savanna Commercial Bank PLC for the year ended 31 December 2020:

Sh."000"
Intangible assets
857,140
Property, plant and equipment
1,494,190
Interest on loans and advances
1,329,750
Interest on customers' deposits
750,135
Loan loss reserve
578,345
Customers' deposits
3,444,990
Deposits and placements due from other banks
389,190
Interest received on deposits and placements with other banks
19,780
Interest paid on deposits and placements from other banks
26,320
Income tax credit
28,720
Ordinary share capital
1,900,000
Revaluation surplus
300,000
Depreciation on property, plant and equipment
62,355
Other interest income
7,760
Equity investments
225,000
Loans and advances
3,675,230
Retained earnings (1 January 2020)
193,200
Deposits and placements due to other banks
484,490
Long-term borrowings
1,720,000
Other interest expenses
33,700
Fees and commission income
13,150
Dividend income
2,250
Share premium
270,000
Staff remuneration expenses
478,710
Pension costs
85,930
Directors' salaries
38,260
Printing and stationery
52,500
Deferred tax asset
37,500
Tax refundable
27,750
Cash in hand and with central bank
2,055,125
Miscellaneous expenses
3,400

Required: 
Prepare for Savanna Commercial Bank PLC: 

(i) Statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

(ii) Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2020.
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3
Preparation of Published Financial Statements
​ ​​The following trial balance relates to Baraka Ltd. as at 30 September 2020:

Sh."000"
Sh."000"
Revenue
380,000
Cost of sales
246,800
Distribution cost
17,400
Administrative expenses
50,500
Interest on loan paid
1,000
Investment income
1,300
Profit on sale of investments
2,200
Current tax
2,100
Freehold property at cost (1 October 2019)
63,000
Plant and equipment at cost 
42,200
Brand at cost (1 October 2016)
30,000
Accumulated depreciation (1 October 2019):
      Building
8,000
      Plant and equipment
19,700
Accumulated amortisation (1 October 2019)
9,000
Investment in equity instruments
26,500
Inventory (30 September 2020)
38,000
Trade receivables
44,500
Bank
8,000
Trade payables

42,900
Ordinary share capital

52,000
Retained earnings (1 October 2019)

26,060
Other reserves (1 October 2019)

5,000
5% convertible loan notes 2022
18,440
Deferred tax
5,400
570,000
570,000

Additional information:
1.
Baraka Ltd. revenue include Sh. 16 million for goods sold to Chaka Ltd. on 1 October 2019 on sale or return basis. Baraka Ltd. normally makes aprofit margin of 40% on such sales. Chaka Ltd. is yet to confirm the sales.
2.
Administrative expenses include an equity dividend of Sh.1,200,000 paid during the year.
3.
The 5% convertible loan note was issued for proceeds of Sh.20 million on 1 October 2018. It has an effective interest rate of 8% due to the value of its conversion option.
4.
During the year, Baraka Ltd. sold an equity investment for Sh.11 million. At the date of sale, it had a carrying value of Sh.8 million and had originally cost Sh.7 million. Baraka Ltd. has recorded the disposal of the investment. The remaining equity investment (the Sh.26.5 million in the trial balance) have a fair value of Sh.29 million as at 30 September 2020. The other reserve in the trial balance represents the net increase in the value of the equity investments as at 1 October 2019. Baraka Ltd. made an irrevocable decision at initial recognition of these instruments to recognise all changes in fair value through other comprehensive income and makes a transfer of realised profit from the other reserves to income surplus on disposal of the investments.
Ignore deferred tax on these transactions.
5.
The balance on the current tax represents the under/over provision of the tax liability for the year ended 30 September 2019. The income tax expense for the year ended 30 September 2020 is estimated at Sh.16.2 million. As at 30 September 2020, the carrying amount of Baraka Ltd. net assets were Sh.13 million in excess of their tax base. The income tax rate of Baraka Ltd. is 30%.
6.
Non current assets:
The freehold property has a land element of Sh.13 million. The building element is being depreciated on a straight line basis. Plant and equipment is depreciated at a rate of 40% per annum on reducing balance method. Baraka Ltd.'s brand in the trial balance relates to a product line that received bad publicity during the year which led to falling sales revenues. An impairment review was conducted on 1 April 2020 which concluded that based on estimated future sales, the brand had a value in use of Sh.12 million and a remaining useful life of only three years. However, on the same date as the impairment review, Baraka Ltd. received an offer to purchase the brand for Sh.15 million.

Prior to the impairment review of the brand, it was being depreciated using the straight line method over a 10 year life. No depreciation/amortisation has yet been charged on any non current asset for the year ended 30 September 2020. Depreciation, amortisation and impairment charges are all charged to cost of sales.
 
Required: 
(a) Statement of comprehensive income for the year ended 30 September 2020. 

(b) Statement of financial position as at 30 September 2020.
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4
​ ​ ​ ​​Abel, Benta and Chale have been trading in a partnership business under the name ABC Enterprises. They decided to convert the partnership into a limited company, Abele Ltd. as at 30 November 2019. The partnership's financial year ends on 31 May and the company will continue using the same year end date. 

The trial balance below showed the financial position of the partnership as at 31 May 2020 before making adjustment for the conversion to the company:

Sh."000"
Sh."000"
Capital: Abel
32,000
Capital: Benta
16,000
Capital: Chale
10,000
Current account: Abel
2,000
Current account: Benta
2,000
Current account: Chale
1,000
Drawings in cash: Abel
2,000
Drawings in cash: Abel
1,200
Drawings in cash: Abel
1,200
Freehold property at cost
51,600
Motor vehicles at cost
24,000
Furniture and fittings at cost
12,000
Accumulated depreciation - Motor vehicle
7,200
Accumulated depreciation - Furniture and fittings
7,200
Inventory (31 May 2020)
28,800
Cost of sales
60,800
Sales
120,000
Administrative expenses
12,000
Selling and distribution expenses
6,000
Accounting and audit expenses
2,400
Incorporation expenses
1,200
Trade receivables and trade payables
18,000
12,200
Prepayments and accruals 
1,000
600
Loan from Benta (10% interest per annum)
12,000
Bank balance
2,000
223,200
223,200

Additional information:
1.
The partners were sharing profits and losses equally after allowing for annual salaries of Sh.3 million for Abel and Sh.2.2 million each for Benta and Chale.
2.
The partners agreed on the following conditions for conversion to a company:
  • Assets to be revalued as follows:
                             Sh."million"
     Freehold property        54 
     Furniture and fittings   4.8 
     Motor vehicles             24 

  • Goodwill to be valued at Sh.27 million.
  • Each partner to become a director of the company at the same salary as that previously allowed in the partnership.
  • Benta's loan is to be converted into share capital at par.
  • Shares are to be issued to each partner at par in respect of the amounts of their equity holding as at 30 November 2019.
3.
The sales during the second half of the year after conversion were 50% above that of first half. However, the gross profit percentage remained the same throughout the year. 
4.
The selling and distribution expenses were proportional to the sales for each period. All the expenses were incurred evenly throughout the year.
5.
Salary drawings were made evenly. Drawings made after incorporation were to be treated as directors' salaries.
6.
There were no purchases or sales of non-current assets during the year.
Depreciation is to be provided on cost per annum as follows:
Motor vehicles            - 20%
Furniture and fittings  - 10%
7.
No dividends are paid or proposed but it is decided to write off the incorporation expenses and also Sh.7 million of goodwill. Goodwill is treated as having arisen from purchase of a business.
 
Required:
(a) Statement of profit or loss in columnar form showing separately for ABC Enterprises and Abele Ltd. for the year ended 31 May 2020. 

(b) Calculations showing the value of shares to be issued to each partner. 

(c) Statement of financial position for Abele Ltd. as at 31 May 2020.
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5
Accounting and Financial Statements for Interests in Other Entities
​ ​ ​​On 1 April 2018, Ambaza Ltd. acquired the following investments:

  • 1,320,000 equity shares in Rudisha Ltd. at a cost of Sh.27,300,000 when the retained earnings of Rudisha Ltd. were Sh. 12,500,000. 
  • 50% of Rudisha Ltd's 12% debentures at par.
The statement of financial position of the two companies as at 31 March 2020 were as follows:

Ambaza
Rudisha
Non-current assets:
Sh."000"
Sh."000"
Property, plant and equipment
37,300
24,060
Investments
52,600
4,800
89,900
28,860
Current assets:
Inventories
6,350
5,200
Accounts receivable
4,360
1,950
Bank
1,390
-
12,100
7,150
Total assets
102,000
36,010
Equity and liabilities:
Equity and reserves:
Ordinary share capital (Sh.10 each)
43,000
16,500
Retained earnings
34,560
8,190
77,560
24,690
Non current liabilities:
12% debentures
8,200
2,800
Deferred tax
3,900
1,200
12,100
4,000
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
5,710
1,760
Taxation
5,330
2,410
Dividends
1,300
1,200
Bank overdraft
-
1,950
12,340
7,320
102,000
36,010

Additional information:
  1. The fair value of Rudisha Ltd.'s assets at the date of acquisition was equal to their carrying value except for an item of plant which had a fair value of Sh.1,600,000 in excess of its carrying value. The plant had a remaining useful life of 4 years. 
  2. On 15 March 2020, Rudisha Ltd. sold goods to Ambaza Ltd for Sh.700,000, all on credit terms. The goods had not been received by the company as at 31 March 2020 and were not included in closing inventory. No entry had been made in the books of Ambaza Ltd. in respect of this transaction. Rudisha Ltd. sells goods to all customers at a standard mark up of 16%%. 
  3. As at 31 March 2020, the account payable of Ambaza Ltd. included Sh.750,000 due to Rudisha Ltd. before taking into account the above transaction. 
  4. Ambaza Ltd. had not accounted for dividend receivable from Rudisha Ltd. 
  5. Goodwill arising on acquisition of Rudisha Ltd. was considered impaired by 20% as at 31 March 2020.
  6. The fair value attributable to non controlling interest amounted to Sh.6,800,000.
Required: 
Consolidated statement of financial position as at 31 March 2020.
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