Unit: Financial accounting
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Login to Access| Sh.“000” | Sh.“000” | |||
| Sales | 61,800 | |||
| Inventory (1 July 2024) | 6150 | |||
| Purchases | 38,700 | |||
| Insurance expense | 4,170 | |||
| Rent and rates | 2,150 | |||
| Wages and salaries | 8,400 | |||
| Bad debts | 636 | |||
| Trade receivables and trade payables | 5,529 | 7,040 | ||
| Bank overdraft | 855 | |||
| Capital accounts: | Annita | 3,750 | ||
| Bancy | 3,000 | |||
| Carol | 1,500 | |||
| Current account: | Annita | 1,500 | ||
| Bancy | 1,050 | |||
| Drawings: | Annita | 1,800 | ||
| Bancy | 2,250 | |||
| Motor vehicle at cost | 4,800 | |||
| Equipment at cost | 15,450 | |||
| Accumulated depreciation: | ||||
| Motor vehicle (1 July 2024) | 2,850 | |||
| Equipment (1 July 2024) | 6,690 | |||
| 90,035 | 90,035 | |||
| 1. | Carol has been the office manager and for the year commencing 1 July 2024 was on a salary of Sh.1,440,000 per annuum. |
| 2. | Interest on capital at the end of the year was a one time rate of 5%. |
| 3. | Carol introduced a motor vehicle valued at Sh.600,000 and Sh.1,500,000 cash as part of his capital contribution. The only entry made in respect of Carol’s admission was Sh.1,500,000 paid into the bank account. |
| 4. | On 1 December 2024, goodwill was valued at Sh.3,600,000 and is to be written off. |
| 5. | Inventory as at 30 June 2025 was valued at Sh.7,425,000. |
| 6. | One third of the year’s sales were made before admission of Carol and two thirds after her admission. |
| 7. | Accrued expenses included Sh.30,000 for insurance and Sh.250,000 for rates and rent. |
| 8. | Cost of sales and gross profits are appointed according to sales while all other expenses are apportioned according to time. |
| 9. | Depreciation is provided per annum at the following rates: | |
| Motor vehicles | - 25% on a straight line basis | |
| Equipment | - 20% on reducing balance | |
Required: | |
| (i) | Statement of profit or loss for the period ended 30 June 2025. |
| (ii) | Statement of financial position as at 30 June 2025. |
| 2021 Sh.“000” | 2022 Sh.“000” | 2023 Sh.“000” | 2024 Sh.“000” | |
| Plant at cost | 80,000 | 80,000 | 90,000 | ? |
| Accumulated depreciation | (16,000) | (28,800) | (36,700) | ? |
| Net book value (NBV) | 64,000 | 51,200 | 53,300 | ? |
| 1. | Disposals took place as follows:
|
| 2. | Acquisition of plant:
|
| 3. | Depreciation is provided at the rate of 20% per annum on reducing balance. |
Required: | |
| (i) | Extract of the plant movement schedule for the years ended 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024. |
| (ii) | Disposal accounts for Plant W and Plant X. |
| Sh. | Sh. | ||
| Capital account: | |||
| Oliver | 7,840,000 | ||
| Karen | 6,552,000 | ||
| Current account: | |||
| Oliver | 840,000 | ||
| Karen | 952,000 | ||
| Amount paid in by Michael | 2,352,000 | ||
| Sales | 69,440,000 | ||
| Purchases | 53,760,000 | ||
| Wages and salaries | 2,397,200 | ||
| General expenses | 2,520,000 | ||
| Plant and machinery | 14,064,000 | ||
| Motor vehicles | 3,684,800 | ||
| Furniture and fittings | 2,500,000 | ||
| Trade receivables | 5,040,000 | ||
| Trade payables | 2,853,200 | ||
| Allowance for depreciation: | |||
| Plant and machinery | 1,344,000 | ||
| Motor vehicles | 1,052,800 | ||
| Furniture and fittings | 260,000 | ||
| Inventory (1 April 2024) | 4,480,000 | ||
| Allowance for credit loss | 392,000 | ||
| Cash in hand | 448,000 | ||
| Cash in bank | 4,984,000 | ||
| 93,878,000 | 93,878,000 | ||
| 1. | On 1 April 2024, Michael was admitted into the partnership under the following terms:
|
| 2. | The actual balance at bank on 31 March 2025 was Sh.1,512,000, the difference being drawings as follows:
|
| 3. | As at 31 March 2025, inventory was valued at Sh.6,300,000. |
| 4. | Depreciation is provided on cost as follows: | |
| Rate per annum | ||
| Plant and machinery | 15% | |
| Motor vehicles | 25% | |
| Furniture and fitting | 12½% | |
| 5. | Allowance for credit loss is maintained at 5% of trade receivables. |
Required: | |
| (a) | Partners statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 March 2025. |
| (b) | Partners current accounts. |
| (c) | Statement of financial position as at 31 March 2025. |
| Sh.“000” | ||||
| Land at cost | 2,400 | |||
| Building at cost | 6,400 | |||
| Equipment at cost | 960 | |||
| Accumulated depreciation 1 July 2023 | Building | 480 | ||
| Equipment | 220 | |||
| Trade receivables | 1,368 | |||
| Trade payables | 1,624 | |||
| Allowance for doubtful debts (1 July 2023) | 42 | |||
| Cash at bank | 84 | |||
| Capital account (1 July 2023) | Ann | 3,600 | (Credit) | |
| Ben | 3,400 | (Credit) | ||
| Chad | 3,200 | (Credit) | ||
| Current account (1 July 2023) | Ann | 60 | (Credit) | |
| Ben | 40 | (Debit) | ||
| Chad | 40 | (Credit) | ||
| Purchases | 5,820 | |||
| Sales | 9,880 | |||
| Staff salaries and wages | 1,172 | |||
| Rent and rates | 500 | |||
| General administrative expenses | 284 | |||
| Bad debts written off | 18 | |||
| 1. | Inventory was valued at Sh.1,620,000 and Sh.1,800,000 as at 1 July 2023 and 30 June 2024 respectively. |
| 2. | As at 30 June 2024, rent and rates paid in advance amounted to Sh.100,000. |
| 3. | As at 30 June 2024, general administrative expenses accruing amounted to Sh.88,000. |
| 4. | The partners made the following drawings during the year ended 30 June 2024: |
| Partner | Date | Amount Sh.“000” | |
| Ann | 31 December 2023 | 420 | |
| Ben | 30 June 2024 | 740 | |
| Chad | 30 June 2024 | 720 | |
| 5. | Depreciation is to be provided on a straight line basis as follows: | ||
| Asset | Rate per annum | ||
| Building | 2% | ||
| Equipment | 15% | ||
| 6. | Allowance for doubtful debt to be increased to Sh.48,000. |
| 7. | Balance due to Ann was to remain in partnership carrying no interest until 1 July 2024. |
| 8. | The value of partnership goodwill as at 31 December 2023 was agreed by the three partners at Sh.4,000,000 and was not to remain in the books of the partnership. |
| 9. | On 31 December 2023, the partners agreed to revalue the land upwards to Sh.3,200,000. |
| 10. | Assume profits accrued evenly throughout the year. |
Required: | |
| (a) | Statement of profit or loss and appropriation account for the year ended 30 June 2024. |
| (b) | Statement of financial position as at 30 June 2024. |
| Receipts: | Sh.“000” | |
| Capital introduced | - Melody | 7,000 |
| - Olivia | 4,000 | |
| Balance of cash received from customers | 25,400 | |
| Payments: | - Equipment | 5,000 |
| - Motor vehicle | 2,000 | |
| - Furniture and fittings | 750 | |
| Godown rent | 750 | |
| Wages | 3,544 | |
| Salary to sales team | 2,400 | |
| Purchase of inventory | 19,800 | |
| Rates | 400 | |
| Repairs and maintenance | 125 | |
| Insurance expenses | 110 | |
| Motor vehicle operating expenses | 373 | |
| Sh.“000” | ||
| Motor vehicle operating expenses | 258 | |
| Wages | 296 | |
| General administrative expenses | 50 | |
| Drawings | - Melody (per week) | 15 |
| - Olivia (per week) | 12 | |
| 1. | During the year ended 31 December 2023, discount allowed to customers amounted to Sh.245,000 while discounts received from suppliers amounted to Sh.110,000. |
| 2. | As at 31 December 2023, the amounts owing to suppliers amounted to Sh.1,500,000 and the amount owing by customers was Sh.3,100,000. An amount of Sh.400,000 owing by a customer was written off. |
| 3. | As at 31 December 2023, rates and insurance prepaid amounted to Sh.50,000 and Sh.10,000 respectively. |
| 4. | Inventory was valued at Sh.2,410,000 as at 31 December 2023. |
| 5. | The go-down had been occupied since 1 January 2023 at an annual rent of Sh.1,000,000. |
| 6. | Depreciation is provided on a straight-line basis as follows: | |
| Asset | Rate | |
| Motor vehicles | 20% per annum | |
| Equipment, furniture and fittings | 10% per annum | |
| 7. | The partners had taken goods for their domestic use as follows: | |
| Sh. | ||
| Melody | 100,000 | |
| Olivia | 150,000 | |
| Assume a 52-week year. | ||
| 1. | The partners are to be credited at the end of each year with the following salaries: Sh.“000” Dadu 150,000 Elegwa 75,000 Fondo 75,000 |
| 2. | Each partner is to be credited with interest on capital balances at the beginning of each year at the rate of 5% per annum. |
| 3. | No interest is to be charged on drawings. |
| 4. | After charging partnership salaries and interest on capital, Dadu, Elegwa and Fondo are to share profits or losses in the ratio of 5:3:2 respectively, with a provision that Fondo’s share in any year (exclusive of salary and interest) shall not be less than Sh.150 million. Any deficiency is to be borne in the profit and loss sharing ratio by the other partners. The trial balance of the partnership as at 31 December 2022 was as follows: |
| Sh.“million” | Sh.“million” | ||
| 4. | Partners’ capital accounts: | ||
| Dadu | 1,200 | ||
| Elegwa | 750 | ||
| Fondo | 450 | ||
| Partners’ current accounts: | |||
| Dadu | 240 | ||
| Elegwa | 180 | ||
| Fondo | 120 | ||
| Sales | 6,975 | ||
| Freehold land | 900 | ||
| Buildings (purchased during the year) | 675 | ||
| Buildings (renovations and improvements) | 375 | ||
| Purchases | 4,200 | ||
| Trade receivables | 309 | ||
| Trade payables | 555 | ||
| Drawings: | |||
| Dadu | 255 | ||
| Elegwa | 165 | ||
| Fondo | 135 | ||
| Furniture and fittings: Cost | 540 | ||
| Accumulated depreciation (1 January 2022) | 210 | ||
| Inventory (1 January 2022) | 630 | ||
| Salaries and wages | 960 | ||
| Office expenses | 678 | ||
| Rent, rates and insurance | 157.5 | ||
| Professional fees | 52.5 | ||
| Allowance for doubtful debts (1 January 2022) | 7.5 | ||
| Bank balance | 655.5 | ||
| 10,687.5 | 10,687.5 |
| 1. | Inventory as at 31 December 2022 was valued at Sh.540 million. |
| 2. | A debt of Sh.9 million is to be written off and the allowance for doubtful debts should be provided at the rate of 5% of the trade receivables on 31 December 2022. |
| 3. | As at 31 December 2022, salaries and wages included the following monthly drawings by the partners: Sh.“million” Dadu 7.5 Elegwa 4.5 Fondo 3.75 |
| 4. | Partners had during the year been supplied with goods from inventory and it was agreed that these should be charged to them as follows: Sh.“million” Dadu 9.0 Elegwa 6.0 Fondo - |
| 5. | On 31 December 2022, rates paid in advance and office expenses owing were Sh.37.5 million and Sh.36 million respectively. |
| 6. | Professional fees included Sh.37.5 million paid in respect of the acquisition of the buildings. |
| 7. | Depreciation is to be provided as follows: | ||
| Asset | Rate per annum | Basis | |
| Buildings | 2.5% | Cost | |
| Furniture and fittings | 15% | Cost | |
| 8. | The buildings were brought into use during the year ended 31 December 2022. |
Required | |
| (a) | Partnership statement of profit or loss and appropriation account for the year ended 31 December 2022. |
| (b) | Partners’ current accounts as at 31 December 2022. |
| (c) | Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2022. |
| Sh.“000” | Sh.“000” | ||
| Capital accounts: | Peter Mwangi | 115,000 | |
| Aloyce Onyango | 107,000 | ||
| Drawings: | Peter Mwangi | 8,000 | |
| Aloyce Onyango | 6,400 | ||
| Trade receivables and trade payables | 22,800 | 28,560 | |
| Balance at bank | 31,400 | ||
| Plant and machinery at cost | 57,600 | ||
| Loose tools at cost | 16,800 | ||
| Sales | 160,000 | ||
| Motor vehicles at cost | 33,600 | ||
| Raw materials purchased | 44,000 | ||
| Direct factory wages | 40,800 | ||
| Electricity expenses | 13,600 | ||
| Indirect factory wages | 16,000 | ||
| Plant and machinery repairs | 10,880 | ||
| Motor vehicle running expenses | 19,200 | ||
| Rent and insurance | 18,880 | ||
| Administrative staff salaries | 34,400 | ||
| Administrative expenses | 16,800 | ||
| Sales and distribution expenses | 20,000 | ||
| 411,160 | 411,160 | ||
| 1. | Inventories as at 31 December 2022 were as follows: | |
| Sh.“000” | ||
| Raw materials | 15,200 | |
| Work-in-progress | 19,440 | |
| Finished goods | 8,000 | |
| 2. | As at 31 December 2022, accrued electricity expenses amounted to Sh.10,400,000 while prepaid rent and insurance amounted to Sh.7,840,000. |
| 3. | The following expenses are to be apportioned between the factory and administration in the ratios indicated: |
| 3. | Factory | Administration | |
| Motor vehicle running expenses | ½ | ½ | |
| Electricity expenses | ⅔ | ⅓ | |
| Rent and insurance | ¾ | ¼ | |
| Plant and machinery repairs | ⅘ | ⅕ | |
| Motor vehicle depreciation | ½ | ½ |
| 4. | The estimated useful life of plant and machinery is 10 years while that of motor vehicles is 4 years. The partnership uses the straight-line method to provide for depreciation on motor vehicles and plant and machinery. |
| 5. | The partners share profits and losses equally. |
| 6. | Allowance for doubtful debts is to be made at the rate of 5% of the accounts receivable as at 31 December 2022. |
| 7. | Manufactured goods were transferred from the factory to the warehouse at Sh.85,600,000. |
| 8. | Loose tools as at 31 December 2022 were valued at Sh.13,600,000. |
Required: | |
| (a) | Manufacturing and statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2022. |
| (b) | Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2022. |
| Sh.“000” | Sh.“000” | ||
| Capital accounts: | Kate | 9,500 | |
| Mercy | 7,500 | ||
| Nickson | 6,000 | ||
| Current accounts: | Kate | 4,350 | |
| Mercy | 2,280 | ||
| Nickson | 3,780 | ||
| Drawings: | Kate | 3,500 | |
| Mercy | 3,000 | ||
| Nickson | 3,200 | ||
| Oliver | 2,500 | ||
| Land and buildings | 11,500 | ||
| Furniture and fittings (cost) | 7,100 | ||
| Motor vehicles (cost) | 10,000 | ||
| Accounts receivable | 3,550 | ||
| Allowance for depreciation (1 November 2021) | |||
| 4,100 | ||
| 4,350 | ||
| Accounts payable | 3,050 | ||
| Oliver’s account | 3,430 | ||
| Sales | 86,360 | ||
| Purchases | 56,350 | ||
| Inventory (1 November 2021) | 5,460 | ||
| Salaries and wages | 5,000 | ||
| Advertising expenses | 3,580 | ||
| Motor vehicle expenses | 3,980 | ||
| Insurance expenses | 2,400 | ||
| Office expenses | 3,430 | ||
| Bad debts | 1,730 | ||
| Cash | 1,650 | ||
| Bank | 2,210 | ||
| 132,420 | 132,420 | ||
| 1. | The new profit or loss sharing ratio was agreed at 4:3:2:1 for Kate, Mercy, Nickson and Oliver respectively. |
| 2. | On 31 October 2022, inventory was valued at Sh.5,780,000. |
| 3. | As at 31 October 2022, accrued salaries and wages and accrued advertising expenses amounted to Sh.1,790,000 and Sh.1,680,000 respectively. |
| 4. | As at 31 October 2022, prepaid insurance amounted to Sh.660,000. |
| 5. | It was further agreed that since Oliver was a former employee, he would be entitled to a salary of Sh.853,000 per annum with effect from 1 November 2021. |
| 6. | The partners resolved that they would receive an interest of 10% per annum on their respective balances of fixed capital at the beginning of the year. |
| 7. | Depreciation is to be provided per annum on cost as follows: | |
| Asset | Rate per annum | |
| Furniture and fittings | 12% | |
| Motor vehicles | 15% | |
| Trial balance as at 31 December 2020 | |||
| Sh. | Sh. | ||
| Capital accounts : | Peter | 6,000,000 | |
| John | 3,000,000 | ||
| Current accounts : | Peter | 1,560,000 | |
| John | 1,420,000 | ||
| James | 360,000 | ||
| Land and buildings | 3,600,000 | ||
| Equipment and motor vehicles | 4,200,000 | ||
| Inventory | 1,840,000 | ||
| Gross profit | 8,400,000 | ||
| General expenses | 3,200,000 | ||
| Director’s salary | 800,000 | ||
| Director’s bonus | 210,000 | ||
| Debtors | 970,000 | ||
| Creditors | 620,000 | ||
| Bank balance | 580,000 | ||
| 18,380,000 | 18,380,000 | ||
| 1 | It is assumed that gross profit and general expenses accrued evenly throughout the year except that Sh.200,000 of the general expenses relate to a bad debt that arose in the period after James’s admission. The balance of the general expenses accrued evenly. |
| 2 | Depreciation is to be charged on equipment and motor vehicles at the rate of 20% per annum on the book value. No depreciation is to be charged on land and buildings. |